“An act to discontinue, in such manner, and for such time as are therein mentioned, the landing and discharging, shipping of goods, wares, and merchandise, at the town, and within the harbour, of Boston, in the province of Massachusetts Bay, in North America …”
How the United States went from a vulnerable backwater to a world superpower …
A few of America’s wars began at sea, as part of greater conflicts between
Britain and
France. America was just an economic and military
backwater, and its navy started out as a pinprick and a laughingstock. But the
United States would eventually become the mightiest
naval power in the world. How did this happen? The roots of this success involve various political and economic factors, which would be too complex to cover here. But they were expressed in the rise of the
American military – and, in particular, of the
United States Navy. This was how our economic and political rise was most expressed, and the most
direct way that this rise was asserted and defended. Thus, an examination of its effects might be in order here, as I show the role of the
United States naval power in the
eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries. This shows how the rise of the
United States as a world power was owing (at least in part) to the
United States Navy. The navy was involved in some shameful imperial acts, but it also helped the young nation to survive, and to withstand its most vulnerable periods.
Naval engagement in the Barbary Wars, 1804
A story of revolution, defensive actions, imperialist ventures, and civil war
Most coverage of America’s naval conflicts focuses on the
Second World War – and, to a lesser degree, on other wars of the
twentieth century. But this post will focus on the now-forgotten role of sea power in some of our earlier naval conflicts. That is, it will go from our navy’s beginning in the 1770s, through its role in the
Spanish-American War of 1898 – and, eventually, in the
“Great White Fleet” of the early 1900s. This was a critical period for the
United States, which (chillingly) involved many frightening dangers on land and on sea. During that time, our navy supported unfortunate imperial ventures against
Mexico,
Cuba, and the
Philippines – although those against
Native Americans were primarily on land, so I will have to omit them here. (Although I do cover them elsewhere –
here, if you’re interested.) But our navy also defended
American sovereignty against serious encroachments from
Britain and
France, and allowed the
United States to survive the most staggering threats of its birth and early childhood.
Battle of Lake Erie – Great Lakes (between the United States and Canada), 1813